Oil changing system



Nov. 1; 1932.

M. HEDGLON OIL CHANGING SYSTEM Filed April 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY '55 the crank-case may berguicklg a s rec ar Patented Nov. 1 1932 "UNITED S- TATES PATE T-1 orrlca :lrmn nnnenou, or smcusn, mrw voamsssrenon we be mm at. m;

: or mscuss, m YORK on. am m'rnrr muses fled April 2; 1980. Serial no. 441,068.

7 from the engine crank-case or base. A fur ther object is to equi the crank-case with a permanent drain pipe to take the place 4 of the usual gravity drain 0 ning 1n the;

- :0 bottom of the case, the disc arge .end of disposed above the level said pipe beioflg ofthe oil b y and being accessible b simply raising the hood of the engine.

further object is ,to provide a main trans- I6 mission line which is arranged to be instantly connected with said. drain pipe,

and by which the used oil may be conducted to a transparent inspection cylinder, where the quantity of the ollfl'may be observed, and

. 20 wherein "facilities are provided for testing the used oil to determine its further lubricatr ing value, the said main transmission line including a reversible valve and also a reversible siphon injector or pump lay which n e ectivelydrained and afterwa d with the used oil, if desired, and 'sai line being equliglmd with means for consfifining the wo. essusedoiltoa'sumpor 'erwaste receptacle. A further object is to provide-a series of tanks for containing new oil of different ades, thesaid tanks being equipped with in 'vidualvalves, by which the diflerent grades of oilma be selectively supplied to the crank-case, means of an auxiliary transmission-line atma includeaone-way which is arrange to connect directwith :the reversible valve of the mainline fbr efiecting'the rechargingof the crank-case with fresh oil, without disturbing the other parts of the main line, the'said auxiliary'line adapted to be utilized for pumping kerosene or other washing fluid into the crank-case for cleansing\sa1d case, said washing fluid e'main traon line, andconsigned 'to the waste'receptacle, as described. And a';

9 q ng m ers s e con;

of-Fig. 1 compared beilfifinally withdrawn fromthe crank-case. via

{passesthrough the pipe d ametn venient reach of the oil chan g mechanism, and have the'oil drawn 0 and tested, the vcrank-case washed, and the oil changed without requiring the automobile to be elevated,

or inconvemencing its occupants.

The various features and parts of the invention will be understood from the detailed description which follows, and by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which.-

Figure 1 1s a broken diagrammatic view partially in elevation and partially in vertical longitudinal section, showing a fragment of an mternal combustion. engine base, to which my improvement is applied. Fig. 2

is a central vertical longitu mal section of the reversible air-controlled ini'ector or pump,

but showing the va ve reversed as with the showing in'Figs. 1 and 4. Fig. 3v-is a top plan view of the valve by Whlch new or old oil may be selectively transmitted relatively to the engine base. And

vFig. '4 is'a central horizontal section, taken on line 4'4 of Fig. 1, showing the reversible pump adjusted for draining the used oil from the base. I

In the drawiilg, 2 representsan ordinary crank-case or base of aninternal combustion engine,.in which is usually d v of lubricating oil, as 3, to be istributed to certain of the internal working parts of the engine, by the well-known splash system abody- Thebottom of the base 2 is usually fitteda drain opening as 4, by means of which the used oil 3 may be drawn 0a saidopening being normally closed by a screw plug not shown). 'In the present showing,

'usuall the plug is dispensed with and in lieu themof a drain pipe, as5, that serves both'as a draining and fillinglm'edium is permanently installed in the base, one end 5' of said pipe being inserted through the opening 4 and 1 preferably extends u wardlya considerable distance (see Fig.- '1 in order toinitially spray the inflowing oil over the crankpiston-rods md' istons. Outsideof the base 2, the pipe 5 is bent and extended u wardly a suitable-distance above the end 5' its to end 50 being fitted with a pin, as 55 whi and comprisesone member of an ordinary bayonet coupling. which is partiall rotatable in an annular cas- 5 represents a two-way valve ing 6', by a ban le 6a. The valve 6- connects with the top 5a of thedrain pipe, by means of an elbow pipe 65, which. comprises the second member of bayonet coupling, and whose enlarged free end is formed with slots 6w that engage the pin 51). The valve casing 6' is formed with two nozzles, as tic-6d, by which the oil may be transmitted from, as well as toward the engine base, or new oil may be substituted for the used oil by the manipulation of handle 6a, as may be understood by consulting Fig. 1. Beyond the valve 6 is disposed an air pump or siphon'injector, as 7, which may be connected with said valve, by means of a fiexible pipe or hose, as a. The injector 7 comprises a rotatable member 7 which is enclosed in a casing 7a, and which 1 may be controlled manually, by a handle 7b,

the said member being formed with a rela-. tively large diametrical opening 7 c that may be connected with. oppositely facing nozzles 7d7e. I Within the passage 70, is disposed another nozzle, as 7f, which is movable with the member 7, and constitutes the outlet for the compressed air, by which the siphoning or injecting work is effected, the air pressure being supplied by a pipe 7a. In Figs. 1 and 4, the member 7 is positioned to withdraw the used oil 3 from the crank-case 2, and in Fig. 2

the said member is shown reversed for injecting oil or other fluid into the said base. Obviously, the injector 7 may be dispensed with and any of the well-known gear pumps may be employed, provided that the latter is operated by a reversible motor (not shown). The used oil drawn from the crank-case 2,

may be carried by a pipe 8 to a transparent inspection reservoir or tank 9, the. said oil may however, be allowed to gravitate into a waste sump (notshown), by means of valve 10, which is located in the pipe 8. The inspection tank preferably comprises a clear upright glass cylinder 9', which is supported by a perforated base 9a through which the farther end of pipe 8 passes, the latter preferably extending above the middle of the cylinder and discharging the mixture of oil and air against an inverted cup-shaped'bafile 9b,

which tends to agitate the mixture and allow the a1r to filter upwardly and escape through a vented top cap 90, which facilitates filling of the tank, and obviates the danger of the oil escaping with the air.v Externally the 'cap 90, is fitted with a similar bafll'e. as 9d, which further tends to prevent the free escape of the oil to the atmosphere. The transparent cylinder 9'. enables the operator to inspect the oil 3, and-having a scale denoting liquid measurements enables him to accurately determine the quantity withdrawn from the crankcase 2. The operator may, if be desires, makea test of the quality of the used oil, by drawing off a small sample by means 'tervals with Ts 14', by

of a tap 9e, tate from the bottom of the cylinder 9, and in case the test shows the oil to be still suitable for lubricating the working parts of the engine, the said 011 may be returned to the crank-case through the same transmission line, by simply reversing member 7' of the injector, as shown in oil is found to be unfit for further lubrication, the valve 10 may be opened and the said oil may be allowed to gravitate from the. tank 9 to a wastereceptacle, as "explained. The tank 9 is shown mounted upon a bench or platform 12, which may also support additional tanks, as 1313, which may be filled through which the oil may gravi- Fig. 2. In case the used with oils of different quality, as heavy, medi- I um and light oil. Each tank 13 is provided with a gravity discharge pipe, as 13a, and each pipe is preferably fitted with an ordinary cock 13b to facilitate the selective dispensing of the different grades of oils. The tanks 13 may be of any suitable capacity, and may he graduated like tank 9, to indicate definite measurements of oil. Additional tanks for containing kerosene or other washing liquids suitable for flushing and cleansing the crankcase 2, may be provided and connected to an auxiliary transmission line, com rising a horizontal pipe 14, which is provi ed at inpipes 13a may connect with said line. Upon the forward end of pipe 14 is mounted a pump or injector 15, preferably having a one-way action, for drawing the oils or other liquids from the line 14, and discharging the same via a hose or other flexible extension, as I 15' into valve 6, the hose 15 preferably telescoping the nozzle 6d,.and when the member 6 is rotated by the movement of handle 6a from. the full line to the dotted position of Fig. 1, the new' oil from the tanks 13 may be forced into the crank-case 2, as explained; The pump.15 may be of any suitable type,

details not herein shown, and said pump'may be operated by compressed air, which may be supplied by a pipe 16, in which is located a throttle valve 16'. The pipes 5 and 8 are preferably provided with a number of small perforations as 50 and 8 to facilitate the complete'draining of the crank-case 2 and the tank 9. Z

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, is-

1.' An oil changing system for use with an internal combnstion engine, including a distant inspection tank, an oil transmission line connecting said crank-case with saidtank, said line comprising a draining and filling pipe which the'individual.

connected to the crank-case and commumcatingwith its interior, reversible siphon means in said transmission line communicating with said tank, a two-way valve interposed between said pipe and said siphon means, said valve having two nozzles, one of said nozzles communicating with said siphon means,

means to adjust said valve to enable said-sin phon means to transfer the used oil fromthe crank-case to said tank, means to adjust said siphon means to recharge said crank-case pipe permanently mounted on the crank-case,

with said a two-way valve communicating a SlPllOIl pipe, said valvehaving two nozz es,

' in ector communicating with one of said nozzles adapted to transfer the used-oil from the crank-case to said tank, means to reverse 7 said injector to recharge the crank-case with said used oil, a source of new oil, and an aux-- iliary transmission line, said auxiliary line communicating with said new oil source and a second nozzle of said valve, and said auxiliary line includinga pump adapted to transfer the new oil via said valve andsaid pipe into the crank-case.

.3. An oil changing system for use with the crank-case of an internal combustion engine,

' including a permanent drain pipe, a two-way valve communicating with said pipe and having two nozzles, a reversible oil pump com- {nunieating with one of said nozzles, a vented inspection reservoir communicating with said pump, means to adjust said valve and said pump to effect the transfer of the used oil from the crank-case to said reservoir, means to recharge the crankto reverse said pum 8 oil, means interposed case with said use between said pump and said reservoir to divert said used oil to a waste receptacle, a series of tanks to contain fresh oil, and an auxiliary transmission line connecting said series of tanks with the second nozzle of said valve for charging the. crank-case with fresh oil when said valve is reversed. 1

4. An oil changing system for use with the crank-case of an internal combustion engine including a rmanent draining and filling pipe, an oil anging system including a twoway valve adapted to be coupled to said pipe an having two nozzles, an inspection reser voir, a main transmission line to connect one of said nozzles with said reservoir, a series of tanks to contain new oil, an auxiliary transmission-line connecting said series of tanks with the second nozzle of said valve, a reversible pump disposed in said main line between said valve and said reservoir adapted when properly adjusted to transfer the used oil to reservoir, a single action pump disposed engine crank case, includi in said auxiliary line adapted to selectively transfer fluid from said series of tanks to the crank-case by the reversing of said valve, and means to divert the contents of the crankcase to a waste receptacle.

5. An oil changing system, for use with the crank case of an internal combustion engine hav' a permanent draining and filling pipe,

inclu ing a distant inspection tank, an oil transmission line connecting said pipe and tank, a two-way valve having a pair of 'noz-' zles disposed in said line'and connected to said ipe a syphon injector interposed betweeIi one nozzle of said valve and said tank adapted in one position to transfer the used oil from the crank case to said said tank to enable the operator to inspect and test said .oil, and in. another position for transfer' said used oil from said tank to said or 'case, and means connected to-the other of said f nozzles of said valve for conducting new oil to i the crank case.

6. An oil changing system, for use with the crank case of an internal combustion engine, including an inspection tank, an oil transmission line communicating with the interior of said crank case, a two-way valve tapping said pipe, said valve having two nozzles, a

reversible injector communicating with one a of said nozzles adapted to syphon the used oil from the crankcase and to inject said oil into said tank, means to reverse said injector to transfer said oil from the tank to the crank case, means inter injector and the tank to iv'ert said oil from the transmision line to a waste reoe tacle, and means connected to the other of said nozzles of the two-way valve for conducting new oil into the crank case.

7 An oil changing system for use with an engine crank case, mcluding' an inspection tank means for conducting used oil from the era case to the tank, means for conducting new oil to the crank case, a casing common to and connected to each of said conducting;-

means and having a two-way valve for selective registration with either of the conducting means, a single means leading from said casing for communication with the crank case, and through said valve with either of the conducting means, means associated with the used oil conducting means for selectively draining the oil from the tank or for rmitting the oil to be returned to the casing and through the latter into the crank case, and means in the used oil conducting means for selectively drawing of! oil from the crank case and for forcing same into the "tank or for returning oil from the tank back into the crank case.

8. An oil changing system for use with ana receiver, meansfor conducting used oil mm the crank case to the receiver, means for conducting new oil to the crank case, means associated with between the. i

izo

each of said conducting means for selectively causing used oil to be conducted through the used oil conducting means to the receiver or for causing the new oil to be conducted to the crank case, meansfor selective drawing off the oil from the crank case am; through the used oil conducting means to the receiver or for forcing the used oil through the first named selective means back into the crank case, and means for forcing new oil through said new oilconducting means and through the first named selective means into the crank case. is

In testimony whereof I afiix my si nature.

MEAD HEDG ON. 

